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J. U. POMEROY.

LAMP

No. 517,361. Patented Mar. 27, 1894;

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J.U.POMEROY. LAMP.

N0.517;361, I Patented Mar. 27,1894.

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* UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES'U. POMEROY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONEQHALF TO CHARLES s.UPTON, OF SAME PLAoE.

LIAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,361, dated March27, 1894.

I Application filed July 21,1893.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES U. POMEROY, a citizen of the United States,residing .in the city and county of New York, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates generally, to lamps, and particularly to streetlamps or lanterns wherein kerosene or other illuminating oil is used tosupply the flame, the lamp being particularly designed for use with acentral draft burner of the class represented by the well- 7 knownRochester burner.

The objects of my invention are, first, to produce a street lamp orlantern which shall be adapted for use with a central draft burner;second, to devise a lamp which shall not be affected by wind or drafts;third, to devise a lamp which may be easily and cheaply constructed, andwhich shall be strong, durable, and not liable to derangement; fourth,to render the lamp easy of access for the purpose of cleaning, filling,and trimming the wick; and fifth, to provide I means for preventing theentrance of insects into the lamp. These'objects are attained in thelamp herein described and illustrated in the drawings which accompanyand form a part of this application, in which the same referencenumerals indicate the same or corresponding parts, and in Which-- Figure1 is a side elevation of my street lamp. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectionalelevation of the lamp taken through the center thereof, the elevatedposition of the globe being shown in dotted lines. I Fig. 3 is a partlysectional elevation of my street lamp, modified slightly to permit ofthe use of a gas burner, and Fig. 4 is a view of a developed portion ofthe perforated chimney of the street lamp, showing the variation in sizeof the perforations of the chimney from top to bottom, as is hereinafterdescribed. For convenience of illustration, this figure shows but onevertical row of perforations, the positions ofthe perforations of otherrows being shown by fine crosslines.

1n the figures, 1 is the base of the lamp, and

Serial No. 481,154. (No model.)

vis preferably round. Itis fitted with a cylindrical boss 2 at its top.

3 is the oil tank or reservoir, the sides of which extend downward belowthe bottom, forming a collar 4, which fits over the boss 2 of the base1, forming the means for holding the oil reservoir in place. Thereservoir is provided with a burner 5, which is preferably of thecentral draft type, and has a chimney 6. The oil reservoir contains acentral draft tube 7, which communicates with the central draft tube ofthe burner and with an air chamber 8 in the base of the lamp, below theoil reservoir. It is through this tube that air is supplied to the innerportion of the flame. Above the top of the chimney 6 is a cylinder 9, ofsheet metal. Two tubes 10, 10, at the sidesof the lamp, connect thiscylinder with the air chamber 8 in the base of the lamp. These tubescorrespond to the side tubes of the ordinary tubular lantern. They tendto reduce the disturbance of the flame by drafts,

since they equalize the pressure below'and above the burner. These tubeslikewise serve assupports for the upper'portion of the lamp. Above thetop of the cylinder 9 is a cap, 11, supported therefrom, and dependingfrom this cap, and inclosed within thecylinder 9, is a perforatedchimney of sheet metal.

Inclosing the burner 5 and chimney 6, and the end of the perforatedchimney 12, is a transparent globe 13. Its top fitssomewhat closelyagainst the chimney 12., Its bottom is inclosed by two perforated ringsor collars, 14: and 15, through which air enters into the interior ofthe globe. The bottom of the globe is provided with a bead, 16, whichrests upon the top of the collar 5 and thus supports the I globe. Air tosupply the outer portion of the flame is taken from the interior of theglobe 13, air passing into this globe through the perforated collars 14and 15, as just stated. To supply air to the inner part of the flame,openings 18,18, closed with gauze, are provided at the bends in thetubes 10, 10, and the sides of these tubes may be perforated at 19, 19,as shown,to further facilitate the entrance of air into these tubes. Theair passes through the tubes 10,10, into the chamber 8, and thenceupward through the'tube7 to the flame. r

too

The upper end of the perforated chimney 12 is closed. It may be closedby the cap 11, or the chimney may be extended up through this cap, asshown, and may be provided with one or more other caps 11, the height ofthe chimney being determined by the amount of chimney opening required.The caps 11 and 11, and the cylinder 9, shield the chimney from-thedirect action of the wind and from rain drops and the like. It will benoticed that there are no large openings leading to the interior of thelamp, all of the openings being closed by gauze, which divides up theentering current of air into a number of minute currents which unitewithin the lamp, while the caps 11 and 11 and the cylinder 9 prevent anycurrent of air from acting directly upon any portion of chimney 12. Thebottom of the globe 13 likewise serves to protect the opening there,since the air, after passing through collar 15, must pass under the endof the globe and then up through the perforations in collar 14. Theeffect of this is to render the lamp entirely unaffected by drafts orcurrents of air, as any current, no matter how strong, is broken up anddisseminated by the small openings through which it is obliged to pass,the air being thus distributed uniformly throughout the lamp.

The perforations in the chimney 12 should preferably increase graduallyin size from the bottom to the top of the chimney, as the greaterportion of the products of combustion will naturally pass out at the topof the chim ney, while the danger of disturbance to the flame bycurrents of air is less at the top of the chimney than at the bottom.This fea ture is shown in Fig. 4.

For cleaning the burner 5 and chimney 6, and for trimming the wick, aswell as for 1i ghting the lamp, it is desirable to gain access to theinterior of the lamp. To this end, the

globe 13 is arranged to slide upward upon the perforated chimney 12,which, since it fits closely to the globe, forms a sufficient guidetherefor. The globe may be raised far enough to permit of removing thechimney 6 entirely. The oil reservoir 3 may likewise be removed bylifting it from the boss 2 of the base 1.

To support the globe 13 in its elevated position I have provided asupport 20, one end of. which is looped so as to pass under the loweredge of theglobe and grasp the same. The other end of this support isattached to a block 21 which slides in the grooved guide 22 secured tothe inner side of one of the tubes 10. Aspring catch 23 is providedwhich engages the end of this block 22 when the support is at theextreme upward position, and holds the support in that position. When itis desired to permit the globe to descend the catch 23 is pressedinward, and the globe and support will fall. The lower end of thecylinder 9 is provided with a reflector 2 1 which reflects downward thelight which would otherwise pass upward and be lost.

The base of the lamp may be formed so that it may be seeuredto asuitablepost, or it may be so formed as to fit over the top of a post. Or thelamp may be arranged to be hung from above, and the smaller sizes may beadapted to be carried in the hand.

It is obvious that while this lamp is particularly. designed for usewith an oil burner, it would work equally well, and would give equallygood results, if a gas burner of any suitable type be substituted forthe oil burner. Such ala mp is shown in Fig. 3. The construction of thislamp is in all respects the same as that of Figs. 1 and 2, except thatsince the lamp is used for gas, the oil reservoir of the first form oflamp is removed, and the gauze collars 14 and 15 are directly attachedto the base 1. The lamp here shown is arranged to be supported upon apost (though it may of course be supported otherwise in any mannercommon in other forms of gas lamps), and the gas supply pipe passesupward through the base.

From the above description, the operation of my lamp is obvious. Air tosupply the flame enters through the collars 1 1 and 15, and through thevarious perforations in the tubes 10, air being thussupplied both to theoutside and inside of the flame. The products of combustion rise throughthe chimneysfi and 12 and pass outthrough the perforations in thelatter.

It will ordinarily be the case that more air than is required bytheflame willenter the globe through the perforated collars 14 and 15.This surplus air passesupwardbetween the globe 13 and the chimney 6 intothe chimney 12, and so out. In this wayheating of the globe isprevented, and danger of cracking of the globe through contact of aheated surface with water is avoided. Sinceall of the openings in theinterior of the lamp are of small size, the entrance of. insects to theinterior of the lamp is prevented and the labor required in cleaning thelamp is there by greatly reduced.

Having thus completely described my invention, what I claim, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a lamp, the combination, with atransparent globe inclosing the burner: or other source of illumination,ofa chimney closed at the top and perforated to permitof the es cape ofthe products of combustion therefrom, and adapted to guide theglobewhenthe same is elevated to permit ofaccessto the interior of the lamp,substantially as described.

2. In a lamp, thecombinatiomwith theoil reservoirand burner, andatransparent globe inclosing the burner, of achimney entering the top ofsaid globe and adapted to :guide the globe when the same is elevated topermit of access to the interior of the lamp, and having its topclosedand its sides perforated to permit ofthe escape of the products ofcombustion therefrom, substantially as described.

3. In a lamp, the combination, with the oil too reservoir and burner,and a transparent globe inclosing the burner, of a chimney closed at thetop and perforated to permit of the esof the lamp, and means forprotecting saidchimney from the direct action of blasts of air,substantially as described.

4. In a lamp, the combination, with a transparent globe inclosing theburner or other source of illumination, of a chimney, perforated topermit of the escape of the products of combustion therefrom, and,adapted to guide the globe when the same is elevated to permit of accessto the interior of the lamp,

. and a catch for holding the globe in its elevated position,substantially as described.

. 5. In a lamp, the combination, with the oil reservoir and burner, anda transparent globe inclosing the burner, of two perforated collars, 14and 15, inclosing the lower end of said globe and adapted to admit airto the interior of said globe, and a chimney, closed at the top andperforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustiontherefrom, and adapted to guide the globe when the same 1s elevated topermit of access to the intenor of the lamp, substantially as described.

6. In alamp, the combination, with a base having within it an airchamber, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and providedwith a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communicationwith said air chamber, of atransparent globe inclosing said burner, achimney entering the upper end of said globe, closed at the top, andperforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustiontherefrom, means for admitting air to the interior of said globe, andside tubes 10 supporting said chimney and communicating with said airchamber, and provided with perforations to permit of the entrance of airinto said air chamber, substantially as described.

7. In a lamp, the combination, with a base havingwithin it an airchamber 8, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and providedwith a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communicationwith said air chamber, of a transparent globe inclosing said burner, acylinder 9 above said globe, side tubes supporting said cylinder andcommunicating with thespace within said cylinder and with the airchamber 8, and a chimney 12, supported from said cylinder 9 and enteringthe top of said globe, and having its top closed and its sidesperforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion,substantially as described.

8. In a lamp, the combination, with a base having within it an airchamber 8, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and providedwith a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communicationwith said air chamber, of a transparent globe inclosing said burner, acylinder 9 above said globe, side tubes supporting said cylinder andcommunicating therewith and with the air chamber 8, a chimney 12supported from said cylinder 9 and entering the top of the globe, andadapted to serve as a guide therefor when the globe is elevated, andhaving its top closed and its sides perforated to permit of the escapeof the products of combustion therefrom, and means for holding saidglobe in said elevated position, substantially as described.

9. In a lamp, the combination, with the base 1 having the air chamber 8and the cylindrical boss 2, and the oil reservoir 3 having a centraldraft burner and a drafttube 7 therefor, and having a collar 4 adaptedto fit over said boss 2, ofthe globe 13 inclosing said burner, aperforated chimney 12 supported from the body of the lamp and enteringthe top of said globe 13, means for introducing air into the air chamber8, and the perforated collars 14 and 15, inclosing the lower end of theglobe 13, and adapted to admit air to the interior of said globe,substantially as described.

JAMES U. POMEROY.

Witnesses:

. H. M. MARBLE,

CHARLES F. DAVIES.

